Diet is the most important component of gastritis therapy.Based on some characteristics of the disease, for example, acidity in the stomach, as well as the presence of erosive, atrophic and other forms, the diet may vary in terms of what can and cannot be included in the menu.
If a person has an unbalanced diet, periodically drinks alcohol, smokes and is often subject to great stress, then he will inevitably develop a pathology such as gastritis.This is a disease that causes inflammation of the gastric mucosa, putting its integrity at risk.As a result, various unpleasant symptoms arise, the main of which is acute pain in the upper abdomen.In addition, appear bloating, belching, nausea and vomiting, appetite decreases or they disappear altogether, which often leads to weight loss.Gastritis of the stomach comes in different forms, including those that can be the result of an infectious environment, but in any case, successful treatment requires a healthy diet.You should not only change your diet, decide what you can and cannot eat, but also change the principles of nutrition itself, do it with a stable menu for the whole week, dividing the total amount of food into 5-6 meals.During an exacerbation, the diet should be tightened;in addition, there are some nuances if gastritis is characterized by high or low acidity.
What can and what is not allowed for gastritis?
The main differences in diet will be determined by the level of acidity.Which indicator is determined for a particular patient during diagnosis before therapy.
Increased acidity
With increased acidity, which happens often, you need to follow three basic principles:
- Mechanical.It defines a ban on fried foods;in addition, coarse fiber, such as bran bread, rutabaga, turnips, and strip of meat, is not allowed.
- Chemical.He says that you must avoid foods that promote the secretion of hydrochloric acid needed for the digestive process, for example, soda, alcohol, and citrus fruits.In addition, rich, concentrated broths based on meat and fish are prohibited.
- Thermal.It consists of eating food that has an optimal temperature, which is usually in the range of 16-55 degrees Celsius.If the food is hotter or colder, then with gastritis it causes irritation of the esophagus, which leads to an increase in the length of food absorption and, accordingly, increased stress on the stomach.
If the environment in the stomach is characterized as acidic, then low-fat types of fish and meat, fermented milk products, eggs, which can be served as an omelet or soft-boiled, are suitable for nutrition.In addition, the diet may peeled tomatoes, boiled zucchini, potatoes, and so on.
Low acidity
A diet for gastritis with reduced acidity includes foods that promote a greater release of enzymes that ensure digestion.To do this, it is also important to normalize the procedure of eating food.This must be done slowly;it is important to spend at least half a minute chewing one part of the food, and the eating process should last at least half an hour.The secretion of hydrochloric acid is significantly improved by drinking slightly carbonated mineral water;you should drink 200 ml of this water every time before meals.Various fruits and vegetables are allowed, which must be eaten immediately after finishing the meal, since snacks are not allowed on the diet.Fruits and vegetables should be chosen lightly, based on the principle of the absence of hard fibers.To further facilitate the digestion process, it is better to peel the fruit in advance and only eat the pulp.
Low acidity has several advantages compared to high acidity.Small amounts of chocolate products, light soups and broths and river fish, mushrooms and lean meat, including rabbit and veal, are acceptable.Milk derivatives are allowed, but milk itself is best avoided.
What is not allowed?
If you have gastritis with any acidity, you should not:
- baking;
- Chocolate products;
- Fried foods, spicy;
- Alcoholic beverages;
- Food rich in vegetable or animal fats;
- Vinegar.
How to eat during exacerbation - menu for the week
In case of exacerbation, a compromise should be found and the body receives all the necessary nutrients and microelements, but the diet is neutral and does not irritate the mucous membrane, which is so inflamed.In this case, it is necessary to help digestion as much as possible so that it happens very quickly.To do this, you should try to chop all the food as much as possible, and only use boiling or steam for cooking.
It is important to make the compiled menu, not only fair and sweet, but also strictly adhere to it, eating food at a strictly defined time every day.The interval between doses cannot be more than three hours, otherwise the stomach will be empty and the aggravation will only intensify.It cannot be expressed, because it is full of gastric stagnation.In the evening, you should eat no later than three or four hours before bedtime.
Oddly enough, during a period of exacerbation, it is recommended to spend the first day on an empty stomach.However, the stomach still needs to be filled.To do this, you still need to drink a lot of water and weakly brewed tea.Any liquid you drink should be warm.Starting from the second day, liquid porridges and mashed potatoes with water are allowed.In addition, boiled eggs and unconcentrated soup with grated vegetables will be useful.When gastritis worsens, foods rich in fat should be completely excluded from the diet, since their breakdown is very slow.
Menu of the week
Monday and Wednesday:
- Breakfast of oatmeal and compote;
- the second time you can have breakfast with steamed cheesecakes;
- Lunch consists of mashed potatoes, vegetable soup with breadcrumbs, boiled fish, compote;
- Afternoon snack - biscuits with light tea;
- Dinner - a side dish of pasta with steamed thin meat cutlets, light tea.
Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday:
- Breakfast consisting of baked apples, cheesecakes and compote;
- the second time you should have breakfast with one glass of jelly;
- You must have lunch with vegetable broth, steamed fish, mineral water from gases;
- An afternoon snack of unsweetened light tea with white bread crackers is allowed;
- For dinner, cottage cheese casserole and compote.
Friday, Sun:
- You should have breakfast with boiled eggs for 5-6 minutes, washed down with compote;
- During the second breakfast, eat cheesecakes with tea;
- Lunch of vegetable stew, grated potato soup, jelly;
- Afternoon snack - a glass of kefir with crackers;
- Dinner should be boiled fish porridge on the water.
Diet No.1 for gastritis
It is considered that diet No.1 tough enough.However, its use is an essential measure, since the restoration of normal digestion and non-irritation of the gastric mucosa is very important in the case of gastritis or if a person has an ulcer.This diet is prescribed after the end of the exacerbation phase of the disease.Among the cooking methods, only boiling, steaming and baking can be used.It is extremely important to reduce the amount of salt consumed, since its presence has a negative effect on the condition of the inner surface of the stomach;in addition, salt slows down the removal of water from the body.
Diet No.1 divide the total daily diet into five or six small portions.The total amount of calories consumed must not exceed 2000.
Among the main dishes that should be included in diet No.1 is:
- Vegetable soup.The vegetable base can be replaced with vermicelli or rice;
- Lean meat and fish without veins and other elements that are difficult to digest;
- Bread products should be consumed yesterday, dried, and also in the form of crackers.
In moderation, you can eat fermented milk products, for example, cottage cheese, yogurt, skimmed milk.
Can't eat it on diet No.1:
- Rye bread;
- Soups based on mushrooms and meat - you will have to give up okroshka, borscht, cabbage soup;
- Smoked products;
- Pickles;
- Fish and other canned food.
Diet for erosive form
Erosion is called gastritis when the activity of the disease causes gastric erosion, known as an ulcer.An ulcer is a more serious disease that can lead to very serious consequences, including, for example, peritonitis, where the gradual erosion of the wall causes a hole through, allowing the contents of the stomach to enter the abdominal cavity.This situation is fraught with death without urgent surgical treatment.
The causes of erosion, as well as the effect of Helicobacter Pylori infection, are exposure to substances or gastric juice that are too acidic.Therefore, with erosive gastritis, it is very important to eat properly to slow down the process of ulcer formation and reverse it.
Here are the principles on which the diet should be based if the patient has erosive gastritis:
- The foods consumed should irritate the gastric wall and prevent an increase in acidity;
- You must eat liquid, warm, pureed food on a continuous basis.At the same time, it is necessary to minimize the amount of fat and salt in the diet;
- Rejection of bad habits, spices, soda;
- Vegetables should be cooked using heat treatment;
- The emphasis in food should be on soups and cereals.
Diet and menu if the patient has atrophic gastritis
The atrophic form is rather difficult to diagnose, since there are no symptoms in the early stage of the pathology.Among some symptoms of the disease, it is possible to note the presence of belching after fried and fatty foods, which has a very unpleasant smell.In addition, the inevitable companions of atrophic gastritis are a general state of weakness, brittle legs and hair, and skin problems.
Atrophic gastritis places serious restrictions on the list of what is possible and what is not.In your diet you should avoid:
- Black bakery products, baked goods;
- Smoked dishes;
- Mushrooms in any form;
- Peas, beans;
- Canned food;
- Uncooked fruits and vegetables;
- Soda, including mineral water;
- Milk.
Like other diets for gastritis, during the atrophic phase, cooking methods such as frying and smoking are completely prohibited.To bring food to a state of readiness for consumption, you can boil, steam or bake
With atrophic gastritis, it is important to eat:
- Soups based on grated vegetables;
- various porridges on water;
- Boiled lean meat, finely chopped;
- skimmed milk derivatives;
- Boiled eggs;
- Unleavened white bread, crackers;
- Heat-treated fruits and vegetables;
- Butter;
- For dessert, you can treat yourself to marmalade, jelly and mousse.